NTA UGC NET _ Commerce: UNIT 06 - Business Management and Human Resource Management (PART 02)

 

VIDEO LINK

 

UNIT 06

Business Management and Human Resource Management

PART 02

 

Theories of Motivation 

 

=========================

 

MCQ: Which of the theory puts the needs of human beings in a hierarchy?
 

a) Maslow’s theory
b) Herzberg’s theory
c) Vroom’s theory
d) McGregor’s theory

 

 

 

Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a motivational theory

Abraham Maslow ( 1943 ) paper "A Theory of Human Motivation"

Help in deciding what must be provided as a motivator

 

The lower need In the pyramid are more powerful than the higher needs 

 

 

Physiological, security, social, and esteem needs are deficiency needs or d needs

Highest level of the pyramid as growth needs- motivate further

 

-------------------------------------

 

 

Herzberg’s Theory (Two Factor Theory / Motivation-hygiene /dual-factor theory Theory)

Federick hezberg - 1959 

 

there are two factors that an organization can adjust to influence motivation in the workplace.

 

These factors are:

 

•     Motivators: Which can encourage employees to work harder.

 

•    Hygiene factors: These won’t encourage employees to work harder but they will cause them to become unmotivated if they are not present. 
 

------------------------------------------

 

 

Vroom’s theory (Expectancy Theory)
 

Victor Vroom – 1964
 

Valence Instrumentality Expectancy Theory (VIE)
 

M (f) = V * I * E

 

-------------------------------------------------

 

 

McGregor’s Theory
 

Theory X and Theory Y
 

Two different attitude toward66 workforce motivation
 

Theory x – negative approach of managers
 

Theory y – positive approach of managers

 

--------------------------------------------

 

 

 

ERG Theory –
 

Clayton Paul Alderfer
 

ERG - Existence, Relatedness, and Growth
 

three basic needs that employees will try to satisfy
 

Simplified Maslow’s Theory

 

 

 -------------------------------------------- 

 

 

 

McClelland's Human Motivation Theory
 

is also known as Three Needs Theory
 

Acquired Needs Theory
 

Motivational Needs Theory
 

and Learned Needs Theory.
 

David McClelland built on this work in his 1961 book, "The Achieving Society." 

identified three motivators

 --------------------------------------------

 

 

 

Equity theory
 

John Stacey Adams in 1963
 

people value fair treatment

 

 

===========================